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Facebook data breach

 

Facebook disclosed the largest security breach in its fourteen-year history, in which an unknown hacker, or hackers, acquired the power to log in to almost fifty million accounts. Unlike previous data leaks, this is the first known instance in Facebook’s history of hackers stealing millions of “access tokens,” the keys that allow them to take over an account, including information that users bar from the public.
 

9月28日，5千萬Facebook用家的「登入憑證」被盜，令黑客可以完全控制個別帳戶，並取得用家設置為私人、不公開的內容。如果用家透過Facebook登入其他網站帳戶，亦有可能受牽連。
 

 

breach (n.)

 

1. 破壞，違犯；違反，不履行

e.g. There have been serious security breaches (= breaks in our security system).

保安系統出了大問題。

 

e.g. They felt that our discussions with other companies constituted a breach of our agreement.

他們認為我們與別的公司談判違反了我們之間的協定。

 

e.g. He was sued for breach of contract.

他因為違約而被起訴。

 

2. FORMAL（攻擊牆或防禦工事時打出的）缺口

e.g. A cannon ball had made a breach in their castle walls.

一顆炮彈在他們城堡的牆上打出了一個缺口。

 

 

leak (n.) （機密資訊）洩露的源頭；洩露

vs. water / gas / oil leak

 

e.g. They traced the leak to a secretary in the finance department.

他們追查出洩密的是財務部的一個秘書。

 

leak (v.) 洩露，透露（機密資訊）

 

e.g. He leaked the names to the press.

他向新聞界透露了名單。

 

e.g. News of the pay cuts had somehow leaked out.

降薪的消息不知怎的被洩漏了出去。

 

bar (v.) 阻擋，阻撓；防止，禁止

 

e.g. The incident led to him being barred from the country/barred from entering the country.

這事件導致他被禁止進入該國。

 

e.g. I tried to push past her but she barred my way (= stood in front of me and prevented me from getting past).

我試圖從她旁邊擠過去，但她還是擋住了我的去路。


 

The hack is the latest episode in nearly two years of controversy, including the spread of “fake news” and Russian propaganda during the 2016 election, and the platform’s role as a catalyst of violence in Myanmar, Sri Lanka, and other countries.

今次的黑客入侵事件，承接Facebook兩年來一連串爭議：包括牽涉2016年美國總統大選散布「假新聞」和俄羅斯的政治宣傳，以及成為緬甸、斯里蘭卡和其他國家暴力事件的催化劑。

 

episode (n.) 事件；（相關的）一連串事件；一段經歷

 

e.g. This latest episode in the fraud scandal has shocked a lot of people.

詐騙醜聞最新爆出的事件讓很多人瞠目結舌。

 

e.g. The drugs, the divorce, and the depression - it's an episode in his life that he wants to forget.

吸毒、離婚和抑鬱——這是他人生中不堪回首的一段經歷。

 

catalyst (n.)

 

1. （化學專有名詞）催化劑

​

2. 促成變化的人；引發變化的事件

e.g. The high suicide rate acted as a catalyst for change in the prison system.

高自殺率促成了監獄制度的改革。


 

Beyond the calls for regulation, Facebook’s larger, more confounding task may be stemming a loss of public confidence… As public frustration has grown, the mood inside Facebook has been, on the whole, sanguine.

除了回應加強規管的訴求，Facebook更巨大的任務，是為公眾信心流失止血。正當大眾愈加不安和沮喪，Facebook內部的氣氛整體上還是樂觀的。

 

stem (v.)

 

1. 阻擋；阻止；遏制

e.g. These measures are designed to stem the rise of violent crime.

這些措施旨在遏制暴力犯罪增加。

 

e.g. We must take action to stem the tide of resignations.

我們必須採取行動制止愈演愈烈的辭職潮。

​

2. 堵住，止住（出血等）

e.g. She tied a handkerchief around the wound to stem the flow of blood.

她用手帕綁住傷口來止血。

 

sanguine (adj.) 樂觀的，樂天的     = optimistic

》pronunciation: compare with LINGUINE /lɪŋˈɡwiː.neɪ/  意大利寬條麵

 

e.g. They are less sanguine about the prospects for peace.  他們對和平的前景不看好。

 

LISTENING TEST

What are the steps that Facebook has taken to right this wrong?

 

A Song For You - “Can I Trust You With My Heart” Travis Tritt

trust (sbd with sth) 信任，信賴，相信 (v.)

 

e.g. I wouldn't trust him with my car.

我不會把我的車交給他用。

e.g. Trust your instincts, and do what you think is right.

相信你的直覺，做你認為正確的事情。

 

e.g. Sometimes you have to trust in the goodness of human nature.

有時你只能寄希望於人性的善良。

 

count on sbd  依靠…；指望… (phrasal verb)

 

e.g. You can always count on Michael in a crisis.

在危急關頭你總能依靠Michael。

 

e.g. I can count on my parents to help me.

我可以指望父母來幫我。

 

 

   
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