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Hong Kong's competitiveness

 

人與人之間少不免有競爭，連城市與城市之間也有競爭力排名。2013年的全球競爭力已經出爐，究竟香港成績如何呢？

 

例子：Hong Kong has moved two places up to seventh in the latest World Economic Forum’s (WEF) (世界經濟論壇) global competitiveness report (全球競爭力報告), which was released in September.

 

competitiveness 競爭力

(noun 名詞)

 

competitive

(adjective 形容詞)

 

  • a competitive person 進取、渴望成功的人

= eager to be successful

 

例子：Parents shouldn't be so competitive with other parents in their kids accomplishments.

 

  • a competitive price 有競爭力的價錢 (相宜的價格)

= a less expensive price

 

例子：The competitive prices at the new supermarket attracted more customers.　

（新超市的貨品價格相宜，吸引了更多顧客。）

 

compete 比併、角逐

(verb 動詞)

 

►compete with someone for something

 

例子： John competed with his best friend for student council and lost.　（約翰跟他的摯友角逐學生會，結果輸了。）

 

competition 比賽、競爭
(noun 名詞)

 

例子： There is too much competition to get into schools nowadays. （入學的競爭實在太過激烈了。）

 

排名以什麼基礎為準呢？

 

例子：The WEF assessed the competitiveness of 148 countries and economies, focusing on 12 main areas that determine their level of productivity. （斷定他們的生產力）These areas include economic performance, infrastructure （基建）, education system, investment and business environment.

 

determine 決定/ 取決於

(verb 動詞)

 

當心！determine的正確讀音是 \di-ˈtər-mən\，不是 \ di-ˈtər-ˈmīn\啊！

 

例子：The weather will determine whether the school goes ahead with their camping trip. （學校能否如期舉辦露營活動，將取決於天氣。）

 

determine 決心做

(verb 動詞)

 

例子：He determined to become a super-star.

vs. He is determined (adjective 形容詞) to become a super-star.

(他已下定決心要當明星。)

 

determined

(adjective 形容詞)

 

= resolute (adjective 形容詞)

 determinedly (adverb 副詞)

 

例子：He shook his head, determinedly. （他堅決地搖頭。）

例子：Determined to win, he practiced his speech all night. （他下定決心要勝出，整晚練習演說。）

 

determine 斷定

(verb 動詞)

 

= identify

 

例子：The investigation will determine what really happened.

 

determination 決心

(noun 名詞)

 

例子：Mary's sense of determination drove her to a successful career in business.

 

「經濟」一詞，在中文裡廣泛用於有關學科、形容價格廉宜等等，英文的形容詞卻有微妙分別：

 

 

economic與經濟有關的　vs　economical 經濟實惠的
(adjective 形容詞)

 

economy 經濟情況

(noun 名詞)

 

例子：third world’s economy 第三世界的經濟

 

引申開來，make economies 便有節約開支之意。

 

例子：The company is currently making economies by firing part-time workers.

例子：One economy is to eat less.

 

False economy又是什麼意思呢？請看下面的例子：

 

例子：Eating less can be a false economy because you may become unhealthy.

 

economics　經濟學

(noun 名詞)

 

例子：the economics of the third world 第三世界的經濟學

 

 

infrastructure 基建

(noun 名詞)

 

相信你對「香港十大基建」絕不陌生，「基建」英文就是 infrastructure。翻查字源，infra解「下面」，所以infrastructure可以解作建築物旁邊或下面的設施。

 

例子：Hong Kong was ranked top in infrastructure for the fourth consecutive year, with the report praising the “outstanding quality of [Hong Kong’s] facilities across all modes of transportation”.

 

香港在金融市場方面名列第一，順帶一提，finance這個字早在中世紀已經通用。十三世紀的法羅倫斯更成為歐洲的financial centre.

 

例子：Hong Kong was also first in the area of financial market development, described in the report as having a high level of efficiency, trustworthiness and stability.

 

讀音小貼士

finance
(noun 名詞)

[ˈfaɪnæns] 、 [faɪˈnæns] 、 [fəˈnæns] 哪個正確？聽聽Kevin怎麼說？
 

 

相對來說，香港的高等教育以及創新能力仍須努力！

 

例子：But the report did say Hong Kong needed improvement in the areas of higher education, where it ranked 22nd, and innovation, where it ranked 23rd.

 

innovation 創新能力

(noun 名詞)

   
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