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Trade War

 

中美貿易戰，打響第一槍！互加關稅之後，有沒有贏家？

Kevin 和 Jo 跟大家分享國際貿易的英文關鍵字！

 

China has imposed tariffs of up to 25% on 128 US imports, including pork and wine, after US President Donald Trump raised duties on foreign steel and aluminium imports earlier in March. The tariffs affecting some $3bn of imports have kicked in.

美國總統特朗普三月初增收外國入口鋼材及鋁材關稅後，中國亦對128項美國入口貨物實施最高25%關稅，包括豬肉、餐酒等，影響總值約三十億美元已經實施。

 

tariff 關稅 (noun 名詞)

 

duty (noun 名詞)

 

1. 稅；（尤指進口）關稅

例子：There’s a high duty on alcohol. 酒類的關稅很高。

 

2. 責任

 

out of duty 出於責任

例子：He only went to see her out of duty (= because he thought he should).

       他去看她只是基於責任。

 

► report for duty 報到

 

例子：You should report for duty (= arrive at work) at 8 a.m. on Monday.

       你應該在週一上午八點報到。

 

kick in 開始見效；起作用

(verb 動詞)

 

例子：It takes half an hour for the medication to kick in.

藥片的藥力在半小時後開始發作。

 

tit-for-tat 以牙還牙，針鋒相對 (DISAPPROVING 貶義)

 

例子：I noticed she didn't send me a card - I think it was tit for tat because I forgot her birthday last year. 

我發現她沒有給我寄賀卡——我覺得她這是報復，因為去年我忘了她的生日。

 

China said the new tariffs were a retaliatory measure in light of Mr Trump's decision to raise duties on steel and aluminium imports.

中國指新的關稅是對特朗普增收外國入口鋼材及鋁材稅款的報復措施。
 

 

retaliatory 報復的；回擊的

(adjective 形容詞)

 

例子：retaliatory measures  報復性措施

例子：He urged people not to resort to retaliatory violence.  他力勸人們不要以暴制暴。

 

retaliate 報復

(verb 動詞)

 

例子：If someone insults you, don't retaliate as it only makes the situation worse.

如果有人侮辱你，不要報復，因為這只會令情況變壞。

 

vengeful 圖謀報復的；意圖復仇的

(adjective 形容詞)

 

例子：She sprayed red paint all over his car in one last vengeful act before leaving him for good.

在徹底離開他之前，她用紅漆塗花了他的車作為最後的報復。

 

vengeance 報仇，復仇，報復；復仇心

(noun 名詞)

 

例子：As he cradled his daughter's lifeless body in his arms, he swore (to take) vengeance on her killers.

他緊抱著女兒的屍體，發誓要找殺害她的兇手報仇。

 

Donald Trump believes tariffs will help cut the US trade deficit with China, which he has vowed to do. The White House said it was acting to counter unfair competition from China's state-led economy. It remains to be seen if China will follow its opening gambit with stronger measures.

特朗普相信關稅有助美國改善對華貿易逆差，這亦是他過往的承諾。白宮指此舉是對抗中國國家經濟的不公平競爭。中國會否繼續開局險著，採取更強硬的手段，尚待觀察。
 

 

counter 反駁；反對；對抗

(verb 動詞)

 

例子：After the government bombed their camp, the rebels countered with an attack on the capital.

首相反駁了反對黨關於社會保健服務開支被削減的說法，稱政府已增加了這方面的開支。

 

例子：When criticisms were made of the school's performance, the parents' group countered with details of its exam results.

當有人對學校的表現提出批評時，家長會舉出具體的考試成績予以反駁。

 

例子：Extra police have been moved into the area to counter the risk of violence.

加派了員警進駐該地區以鎮壓可能出現的暴力事件。

 

gambit 精心策劃的一招；（常指帶有風險的）策略；險招

(noun 名詞)

 

例子：Her clever opening gambit gave her an early advantage.

她開局就兵行險著，搶佔了先機。

 

例子：Their promise to lower taxes is clearly an election-year gambit.

他們降低稅收的承諾很顯然是大選年的策略。

 

 

Listening Test

 

Q1: According to China, what would happen if the disputes continue?

Q2: In what way could this affect China?

 

 

Ans1: It could damage the picture of cooperation of the world’s two largest economy. It’s telling the US to pull back from the brink.

Ans2: The increased trade tension could be a challenge to China’s president Xi Jinping. Trade war with the US could slow China’s rapid growth, critical to his long-term visions.

 

brink（事情發生的）邊緣；始發點

(noun 名詞)

 

例子：Extreme stress had driven him to the brink of a nervous breakdown.

極大的壓力使他處於精神崩潰的邊緣。

 

例子：Scientists are on the brink of (= extremely close to) a major new discovery.

科學家們就快有新的重大發現了。

 

   
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